Chapter 12

I learned that Gatherers and hunters changed over time, but there are no written records of this. Egalitarian kinship were highly sophisticated in regards to economics and the society. They did not use a political system, but rather they focused on kinship. I also learned that in order to wipe out the Mongol legacy, Yongle and others promoted Confucianism and an exam system. This was to construct a new China. In Europe, the continent was divided into many smaller states that were always in conflict. One example is the Hundred Years War between France and England. We then move on to the Ottoman Empire. It was related to China. This is because of the scale of power and age of both empires. In India, The Mughals brought a moment of political unity. They were very tolerant of non-muslims and prompted diversity through cultures. The last thing I learned was in the Americas. The Inca Empire were about 10 million people with its territory being 2500 miles long. One thing that fascinated me was how the Incas had gender parallelism. Unlike gender equality, gender parallelism focused on the roles of each gender. Every role that everyone had was valued no matter what sex one was.